In 2003, Peru was a small country located in South America. It had a population of around 28 million people, primarily speaking Spanish and several other local languages. According to computergees, the capital city was Lima, which is home to the Government Palace and several other important government buildings and monuments. The economy relied heavily on its agricultural sector with coffee, cotton, sugarcane and fish being the main export items. Tourism was also popular due to its stunning landscapes, vibrant culture and historical sites such as Machu Picchu and the Nazca Lines. In addition to its natural beauty, Peru had a unique cultural heritage with traditional music, cuisine and art that blended influences from Latin America with those from Europe. Despite its many challenges including political instability in 2003, Peru remained a vibrant country that held great promise for its future generations.
Yearbook 2003
Peru. Concerns surrounding the ceasefire protests against the government’s program for the eradication of coca cultivation occurred from mid-February. According to Countryaah.com, Peru Independence Day is July 28. Growers in the department of Huánuco blocked roads in protest of lack of government support for alternative crops, and when police were deployed against the protesters, protests spread to the neighboring department of Ucayali. Similar actions occurred in August in the Monzóndalen.
On April 23, President Alejandro Toledo finally agreed to a compromise, releasing the peasant leader Nelson Palomino, who was arrested during the unrest in February, and the government agreed on more gradual measures in cooperation with the peasant organizations.
In May, a teacher strike broke out, which was soon supported by students and peasants and spread throughout the country. On May 27, the government issued emergency permits in twelve of Peru’s ministries. In the city of Puno, eastern Peru, the police attacked stone-throwing students and opened fire with sharp shots – one student was killed and dozens injured. A week later, the teachers union approved the government’s wage increase proposal.
Several armed attacks during the year created fears that Sendero Luminoso, the Maoist guerrilla who fought the government in the 1980s and 1990s, would be on his way back.
On June 9, 60 employees of an Argentine company were kidnapped but released after only two days, and a month later, a military force of seven guerrillas surrounded and killed. However, the government downplayed the threat from the guerrilla group, claiming that only one unit is operating in isolated parts of the Ayacucho department.
In April, after a vote in Congress, the two-chamber parliament, which was abolished in 1992 by the then President Alberto Fujimori, was abolished in 1992. In June, the government was also reformed, and Peru got its first female prime minister, Beatriz Merino, who resigned on December 12 and was replaced by Carlos Ferrero Costa.
September
The president passes a no-confidence vote
September 18
President Martín Vizcarra manages by a good margin the no-confidence vote announced against him in Congress a week earlier. After a ten-hour debate, 32 members voted to remove him, while 78 voted against the proposal and 15 abstained. The opposition needed 87 votes to oust Vizcarra.
The Minister of Economic Affairs manages a no-confidence vote
September 15
A majority of members of Congress vote no when a vote of no confidence is raised against Minister of Economic Affairs Maria Antonieta Alva. She manages with the numbers 46-73, after a five-hour debate. The question of trust concerns her way of handling the economy during the corona pandemic. The outcome is assumed to reduce the pressure on President Martín Vizcarra only the days before the congress is to vote in the Supreme Court process that was initiated against him the week before.
Raids during corruption investigation
September 12
Police are conducting raids on several high-ranking government officials in connection with the corruption investigation that the day before led Congress to bring a Supreme Court lawsuit against President Martín Vizcarra. The president is now accusing Congressman Manuel Merino of trying to get the military involved in an attempt to overthrow him. Prime Minister Walter Martos and Defense Secretary Jorge Chávez – both retired generals – also claim that Merino contacted leaders in the Armed Forces in connection with the presentation of the accusations against the president. If Vizcarra were to be deposed, the President would become interim president. The accusations concern a relatively unknown singer, Richard Cisneros Carballido, who is said to have been hired as a consultant by the Ministry of Culture and received unreasonably high compensation. The presidents of other countries inThe Andean Community (Bolivia, Colombia and Ecuador) is urging Congress to avoid ousting Vizcarra in the midst of an ongoing pandemic and economic crisis. Fourteen people are covered by the corruption investigation.
Congress initiates Supreme Court proceedings
11 September
Congress is initiating a Supreme Court trial against President Martín Vizcarra, who is accused of trying to prevent a corruption investigation. The decision, adopted by a vote of 65 to 36, will be followed by a debate on whether Vizcarra should be ousted due to “moral incapacity”. The background is that President Manuel Merino received a leaked audio recording in which Vizcarra seems to discuss ways to hide how public funds have been misused. The president himself claims that Congress is trying to carry out a coup.
Republic of Peru Brief Guide
According to AbbreviationFinder, Peru (República del Perú in Spanish) is a state in South America. Its neighbors are Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, Bolivia to the southeast and Chile to the south. To the west of the country is the Pacific Ocean.
Food and drink
Peruvian food culture combines traditional local food traditions with influences from other parts of the world, such as China, Spain, Italy, Japan and West Africa. The cultural influences of Peru have spread with the Spanish conquerors as well as other immigrants. The basic ingredients of Peruvian cuisine are corn, potatoes, chili, fish and beans, rice, cooked bananas brought by the Spaniards, and pork, beef and chicken from meat products. Fruits are a very important part of the diet. In Peru, food culture is reflected differently in three different regions of the country; To the Pacific coast, the Andes and the Amazon rainforest. Peruvian specialties include Parihuela soup made from fish and seafood and steeled with pisco brandy and chili. Lomo saltado is a wok-style food that includes rice, potatoes and beef tenderloin. Tiradito is a thinly sliced spicy fish. Drinking tap water in Peru is strictly forbidden. All water and beverages must be industrially bottled. Salads and vegetables should also be rinsed with bottled water. Heated or tablet-purified water can be drunk. The food should be heated or cooked. Reheated foods and seafood should be avoided.
Fauna and flora
Peru’s fauna is very rich and one of the most diverse in the world. The Western Amazon Plateau is listed as one of the top ten “hot spots” in the world where species are at an unusually high risk of extinction in proportion to their numbers. The rainforest areas have incredible numbers of stunning plant and animal species. Coastal vegetation is scarce. There are grass and some shrubs on the western slopes of the Andes. In high areas, there are mountain meadows and scrub. There are rainforests to the east and misty forests on the slopes of the mountains. Forests cover a total of about 60% of the area.